Sanjay Biswas
Tata Memorial Centre, India
Title: Nosocomial infections in immunocompromised patients in a tertiary care intensive care unit
Submitted Date: 23-10-2017
Biography
Sanjay Biswas has completed his MD in Microbiology from Grant Medical College, Mumbai, India and presently working as a Microbiologist in Tata Memorial\r\nCentre, Mumbai since 2000. He has published more than 15 papers in national and international reputed journals.
Abstract
Introduction: The increased morbidity and mortality associated with nosocomial infections in the ICU is a matter of serious\r\nconcern today. It has been reported that the incidence of nosocomial infections in the intensive care unit (ICU) is about 2 to\r\n5 times higher than in the general in-patient hospital population. ICU-acquired infections account for substantial morbidity,\r\nmortality, and expense. Infections and sepsis are the leading cause of death in ICU’s.\r\nObjectives: This retrospective study was undertaken to determine the incidence of nosocomial infection, distribution of\r\ncausative pathogens and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.\r\nMaterials & Methods: A total of 9024 samples were received from 2667 patients admitted in the ICU between January 2015\r\nand July 2017. All the samples were processed as per routine microbiological procedures and antimicrobial susceptibility\r\ntesting was performed as per CLSI guidelines.\r\nResults: Out of the total 9024 samples received, blood was the commonest sample followed by NDBAL, sputum, BAL, wound\r\nswab and bile. 3845 samples showed growth of one or more pathogens. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most commonest isolate\r\nfollowed by E. coli, P. aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp, Candida spp, Enterococci spp, S. aureus and Enterobacter spp. Colistin\r\nwas found to be most susceptible antibiotic for gram negative organisms followed by tigecycline, amikacin, tobramycin,\r\ngentamicin, cefoperazone-sulbactam and piperacillin-tazobactam. For gram positive pathogens, linezolid was the most\r\nsusceptible antimicrobial followed by vancomycin, teicoplanin and clindamycin.\r\nDiscussion: The prevention of ICU acquired infections demands knowledge of the infection rates and of the sources, the\r\npathogens involved as well as the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Intensive care unit acquired infections have been reported\r\nto be associated with increased length of ICU and hospital stays. Good hand hygiene compliance, contact precautions and\r\nminimizing unnecessary interventions are critical for preventing infection and the spread of resistant organisms in the ICU.